Potential biomarkers of contrastinduced acute kidney injury in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Currently, there is a continuous increase in the number of interventional interventions in cardiology using X-ray contrast agents (RKV), which often leads to such a formidable complication as contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). The manifestations of CIAKI have all the characteristics of acute renal injury (AKI) and include an absolute (greater than or equal to 0.3 or more or equal to 0.5 mg/dL) or relative (greater than or equal to 25%) increases in serum creatinine (sCr) compared with baseline values, occurring 48-72 hours after intravascular administration of RVC.

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury is a common complication following intravascular administration of iodine-containing contrast media and is associated with prolonged hospital stay and poor long-term prognosis, including unwanted cardiovascular events, and complete loss of renal function. CI-AKI occurs in 5-20% of hospitalized patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions.

Unfortunately, there are currently no analogues of iodine-containing RVC, and therefore the question of finding optimal CI-AKI biomarkers for the purpose of early diagnosis and prevention of this formidable complication remains relevant.

The diagnosis of CI-AKI is based on an increase in serum creatinine, which is a late biomarker of kidney damage. New and earlier serum and urinary biomarkers for the diagnosis of kidney damage have now been identified that can be detected before serum creatinine levels rise. This article provides information on the most relevant and modern biomarkers of CI-AKI.

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