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Hemorrhagic complications during stereotactic biopsy of brain tumors

https://doi.org/10.18705/27823806-2023-3-3-24-37

Abstract

Relevance. Stereotactic biopsy (STB) is one of the main methods for diagnosing deep brain lesions. STB has several advantages over conventional intraoperative biopsy, as it is less traumatic and safer, especially for patients in critical condition. However, the most common complications of STB are hemorrhages, with a risk ranging from 0.9 % to 59.8 % depending on various studies. Intracranial hemorrhages are serious complications of surgical treatment of brain tumors, especially during biopsy using stereotactic techniques.

Objective. To assess the risk of intracranial hemorrhages during STB of brain tumors and investigate possible factors influencing this risk, such as involvement of different brain regions in the neoplastic process, patient’s gender and age, degree of malignancy of the tumor, and use of different stereotactic devices.

Materials and Methods. A retrospective study of data from 20 patients who underwent STB of brain tumors was conducted. Clinical data, examination results including coagulogram and aggregatogram, as well as data on involvement of different anatomical brain regions in the neoplastic process, degree of malignancy of the tumor, and use of a specific stereotactic device were analyzed.

Results. Analysis of the frequency and structure of hemorrhagic complications of STB was performed, prognostic factors for high risk were identified, and preventive measures were proposed to reduce the number of hemorrhages.

Conclusions. The introduction of the modern CRW Radionics stereotactic device into practice has reduced the frequency and severity of hemorrhagic complications after STB by two times. Lymphoproliferative processes and glioblastomas have a higher frequency of hemorrhages, but in most cases, they are clinically insignificant. There is a correlation between the degree of anaplasia of astrocytic tumors and the severity of hemorrhages. Ways to reduce the risks of intracranial hemorrhages during STB of brain tumors may include: careful preoperative planning of the biopsy trajectory; use of informative neurovisualization methods in planning the needle insertion trajectory; use of modern stereotactic systems by neurosurgeons who have undergone additional specialization and training on the specific device; use of modern biopsy needles. In addition, it is advisable to consider preoperative preventive hemostatic therapy in patients suspected of having a high degree of tumor anaplasia.

About the Authors

K. K. Kukanov
Polenov Russian Scientific Research Institute of Neurosurgery — branch of Almazov National Medical Research Centrе
Russian Federation

Kukanov Konstantin K., Ph.D. Neurosurgeon, senior researcher at the Research Laboratory of Neurooncology

Saint Petersburg



N. E. Voinov
Polenov Russian Scientific Research Institute of Neurosurgery — branch of Almazov National Medical Research Centrе; Almazov National Medical Research Centre, World-Сlass Research Center for Personalized Medicine
Russian Federation

Voinov Nikita E., Post-graduate student of the Department of Neurosurgery with a course of neurophysiology of the Institute of Medical Education, Almazov National Medical Research Centrе, neurosurgeon, Polenov Russian Scientific Research Institute of Neurosurgery, specialist in scientific and analytical work of the WorldСlass Research Center for Personalized Medicine

Akkuratova str., 2, Saint Petersburg, 197341



V. A. Peskov
Institute of the Human Brain named after N. P. Bekhtereva
Russian Federation

Peskov Viktor A., Neurosurgeon

Saint Petersburg



A. Yu. Ulitin
Polenov Russian Scientific Research Institute of Neurosurgery — branch of Almazov National Medical Research Centrе; Almazov National Medical Research Centre, World-Сlass Research Center for Personalized Medicine; North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov
Russian Federation

Ulitin Alexey Yu., Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Neurosurgery of the Institute of Medical Education, Almazov National Medical Research Centrе, Professor of the Department of Neurosurgery, North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov

Saint Petersburg



M. V. Dikonenko
Polenov Russian Scientific Research Institute of Neurosurgery — branch of Almazov National Medical Research Centrе
Russian Federation

Dikonenko Mikhail V., Resident of the Department of Neurosurgery with the Course of Neurophysiology of the Institute of Medical Education

Saint Petersburg



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Review

For citations:


Kukanov K.K., Voinov N.E., Peskov V.A., Ulitin A.Yu., Dikonenko M.V. Hemorrhagic complications during stereotactic biopsy of brain tumors. Russian Journal for Personalized Medicine. 2023;3(3):24-37. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18705/27823806-2023-3-3-24-37

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