Молекулярные механизмы венозных тромботических осложнений при глиальных опухолях центральной нервной системы

Онкологические больные подвержены повышенному риску венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений (ВТЭО), которые являются частой причиной смерти у данных пациентов. При этом максимальная частота ВТЭО приходится на опухоли центральной нервной системы, среди которых лидирующие позиции занимают опухоли глиального происхождения [1]. Исследования по выявлению лабораторных биомаркеров повышенного риска ВТЭО проводятся, но на сегодняшний день данные об их роли неоднозначны. Показано, что пациенты с мутацией в гене изоцитратдегидрогеназы (IDH) подвержены меньшему риску ВТЭО, а сама мутация IDH связана с подавлением производства тканевого фактора (ТФ) и подопланина — наиболее изучаемых молекул, ответственных за возникновение тромбоэмболических осложнений в этой группе пациентов [2]. Основные специфические маркеры ВТЭО основаны на иммуногистохимических методах, выполнение которых возможно только при гистологическом исследовании опухолевого материала. Представляется актуальным поиск неинвазивных биомаркеров для оценки риска венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений. В настоящем обзоре освещены имеющиеся сегодня в литературе данные по этой теме.

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