Возможности кардиореспираторного теста в оценке уровня физической работоспособности и прогноза у пациентов детского возраста с врожденными пороками сердца (обзор литературы)

Врожденные пороки сердца (ВПС) — наиболее частая форма врожденных пороков развития у детей.

Благодаря ранней диагностике, бурному развитию медицинских технологий в кардиохирургии, а также успехам в выхаживании тяжелых пациентов после хирургической коррекции ВПС, за последние десятилетия значимо увеличилась выживаемость и продолжительность жизни больных с ВПС. Это привело к появлению новой популяции пациентов с тяжелыми ВПС, когда возможно проведение только паллиативного вмешательства либо когда сформировалась уникальная сердечная гемодинамика в силу того, что радикальная коррекция проводилась в несколько этапов и включала большой объем воздействий. Такие люди имеют специфические функциональные возможности, особенную сердечно-легочную работоспособность, а также риск развития серьезных неблагоприятных событий (сердечная недостаточность, жизнеугрожающие нарушения ритма сердца, внезапная сердечная смерть и др.).

В обзоре представлены обобщенные современные представления о возможностях кардиореспираторного теста у детей с различными ВПС.

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